Abstract

This study investigates the response of various wheat genotypes to anther culture and their subsequent salt tolerance. Anther culture, a valuable technique for generating haploid plants, can provide insights into the genetic potential for salt resilience in wheat. We conducted experiments on several wheat genotypes, assessing their ability to produce callus and regenerate plantlets under controlled in vitro conditions. The influence of salt stress was evaluated by incorporating different concentrations of sodium chloride into the culture media during the regeneration phase.

Results indicated significant variation in anther culture response among genotypes, with some displaying higher callus induction and plant regeneration rates. Notably, genotypes exhibiting strong anther culture responses also demonstrated greater salt tolerance, evidenced by enhanced growth and survival under saline conditions. Morphological and physiological analyses revealed differences in root and shoot development, chlorophyll content, and ion accumulation among the genotypes tested. This research highlights the potential of using anther culture as a tool for selecting salt-tolerant wheat varieties, thereby contributing to sustainable agriculture in saline-prone areas. The findings underscore the need for further studies to explore the underlying genetic mechanisms of salt resilience and to improve breeding strategies aimed at developing robust wheat varieties for challenging environments.