Abstract

The utilization of DNA marker systems has revolutionized molecular breeding in plants, offering a paradigm shift in crop improvement strategies. This paper presents a comprehensive overview of the fundamental concepts and pivotal approaches underpinning DNA marker frameworks in plant molecular breeding. The abstract delves into the essential principles governing various DNA marker systems, encompassing a wide array of marker types such as SSRs, SNPs, and AFLPs. It examines the inherent characteristics and applications of these markers in plant genomics, providing insights into their utility for trait mapping, diversity analysis, and marker-assisted selection. Furthermore, this paper elucidates the essential methodologies and strategies employed in the development and utilization of DNA markers in plant molecular breeding. The abstract discusses marker identification, genotyping techniques, and statistical approaches, highlighting their roles in enhancing breeding efficiency and accelerating the selection of desirable traits. The integration of DNA marker systems into plant molecular breeding practices represents a cornerstone in precision breeding methodologies. This abstract aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the indispensable ideas and approaches in DNA marker frameworks, serving as a guide for the implementation of advanced molecular tools in the improvement of crop traits, ultimately contributing to enhanced agricultural sustainability and productivity.