Abstract

Tuberculosis (TB) remains a significant global health challenge, causing immense morbidity and mortality worldwide. This research article provides an extensive review of the epidemiology of tuberculosis, encompassing its global burden, risk factors, transmission dynamics, diagnostic methods, treatment strategies, and preventive measures. Understanding the complex nature of TB epidemiology is crucial for formulating effective public health interventions and achieving the goal of tuberculosis eradication. The article begins by introducing the importance of studying tuberculosis epidemiology and its impact on public health. It then presents an overview of the global burden of tuberculosis, including estimates of incidence, prevalence, and mortality rates. Geographical variations and highburden countries are highlighted, along with vulnerable populations disproportionately affected by tuberculosis.

Keywords: Tuberculosis; Epidemiology; Global burden; Risk factors; Transmission dynamics; Diagnostics; Treatment strategies; Preventive measures