Spanish 
Chinese 
Russian 
German 
French 
Japanese 
Portuguese 
Hindi Research Article
Efferent Copy and Corollary Discharge Motor Control Behavior Associated with a Hopping Activity
| Wangdo Kim1, António P Veloso1, Filipa João1, and Sean S Kohles2* | |
| 1Univ Tecn Lisboa, Fac Motricidade Humana, CIPER, LBMF, Estrada da Costa, P-1499-002 Lisbon, Portugal | |
| 2Regenerative Bioengineering Laboratory, Departments of Mechanical & Materials Engineering and Biology, Portland State University, Portland, Oregon, USA | |
| Corresponding Author : | Sean S. Kohles Adjunct Professor Departments of Mechanical & Materials Engineering and Biology Portland State University P.O. Box 751, Portland, OR, USA, 97207-0751 Tel: 503-516-7528 E-mail: kohles@pdx.edu |
| Received May 31, 2013; Accepted July 20, 2013; Published July 23, 2013 | |
| Citation: Kim W, Veloso AP, João F, Kohles SS (2013) Efferent Copy and Corollary Discharge Motor Control Behavior Associated with a Hopping Activity. J Nov Physiother 3:167. doi:10.4172/2165-7025.1000167 | |
| Copyright: © 2013 Kim W, et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. | |
Abstract
Hoppers respond not only to stimuli from the ground surfaces but also to cues generated by their own behaviors. This leads to desensitization because although the afferent and reafferent signals have distinct causes, they are carried by the same sensory channels. From a behavioral viewpoint, it may be necessary to distinguish between signals from the two causes especially when monitoring changes in the external environment separate from those due to selfmovement. We were able to separate afferent sensory stimuli from self-generated, reafferent signals using an action oriented perception system and dynamic programming approach. This effort addressed the question of how the nerve system selects which particular degree of freedom (DOFs) to cancel reafferent input. We have proposed an internal one-DOF model characterizing the motor control system during hopping, allowing the generation of an estimated ground reaction signal to drive natural shock absorption of the leg.
