Abstract

The field of drug development is continually evolving to ensure the efficacy and safety of new medications. Traditionally, toxicology focused on animal testing to assess potential drug toxicity, but this approach has limitations in predicting human responses accurately. In recent years, systems toxicology methods have emerged, incorporating systems biology, omics technologies, and computational modeling to provide a comprehensive understanding of druginduced toxicity at various biological levels. This article explores the concept of systems toxicology and its contributions to enhancing drug safety. By analyzing drug responses from genes to tissues and organs, systems toxicology offers mechanistic insights and facilitates the early identification of potential toxicity during drug development. Furthermore, it reduces the reliance on animal testing, supports personalized medicine approaches, and empowers risk assessment strategies. Despite challenges, advancements in computational tools and collaboration among stakeholders pave the way for safer medications and a more effective drug development process in the future.