ISSN: 2161-0460

Journal of Alzheimers Disease & Parkinsonism
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  • Mini Review   
  • J Alzheimers Dis Parkinsonism 2017, Vol 7(5): 364
  • DOI: 10.4172/2161-0460.1000364

Different Roles of Microglia/Macrophage in Ischemic Stroke and Alzheimer's Disease

Shiping Li1, Runjing Cao1, Jiong Shi2* and Li Guo1*
1Department of Neurology, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, , China
2Department of Neurology, Barrow Neurological Institute, St. Joseph’s Hospital and Medical Center, , Phoenix, Arizona, USA
*Corresponding Author (s) : Jiong Shi, Department of Neurology, Barrow Neurological Institute, St Joseph’s Hospital and Medical Center, 240 West Thomas Road, Phoenix, AZ 85013, USA, Tel: 1-602-406-403, Email: jiong.shi@dignityhealth.org
Li Guo, Department of Neurology, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, No. 215 Heping West Road, Shijiazhuang, Hebei Province 050000, China, Tel: 86-0311-66007345, Email: guoli6@163.com

Received Date: Aug 08, 2017 / Accepted Date: Nov 18, 2017 / Published Date: Aug 25, 2017

Abstract

Neuroinflammation is a double edge sword: it plays both destructive and regenerative roles in a variety of neurological diseases, such stroke and Alzheimer’s disease (AD). In the central nervous system, these inflammatory changes are restricted exclusively to microglia. Ischemic stroke causes an acute cascade of events, including excitotoxicity, inflammatory responses, oxidative stress and apoptosis, whereas AD is a chronic progressive process. As the blood–brain barrier separates the central nervous system and the peripheral immune system, the brain is used to be considered an immune-privileged organ. However, accumulating evidence reveals mononuclear phagocytes and the resident microglia play a key role in modulating the development and progression of brain pathology. In this mini review, we summarize the role of microglia in the brain and in disease states. Microglia serves different roles at different stages of the diseases. We emphasize the regulatory role of CX3CR1, which may provide a novel and effective means for therapy.

Keywords: Microglia; Macrophage; Fractalkine receptor; CX3CR1

Citation: Li S, Cao R, Guo L, Shi J (2017) Different Roles of Microglia/Macrophage in Ischemic Stroke and Alzheimer’s Disease. J Alzheimers Dis Parkinsonism 7: 364. Doi: 10.4172/2161-0460.1000364

Copyright: © 2017 Li S, et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.

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