Abstract

Newborns are vulnerable to a range of disorders and diseases that require immediate diagnosis and treatment to reduce morbidity and mortality. Early recognition of conditions like neonatal respiratory distress syndrome, neonatal jaundice, sepsis, and congenital heart defects is critical to improve outcomes. This article provides a comprehensive review of the most common neonatal diseases, focusing on diagnostic methods, treatment strategies, and their impact on neonatal health. Clinical approaches are evolving with advancements in technology, early interventions, and novel therapies. We aim to explore the benefits and challenges of current diagnostic tools and treatments in neonatal care, providing insights for clinicians.