Abstract

Diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) is a severe and potentially life-threatening complication of diabetes mellitus, characterized by metabolic acidosis, ketonemia, and hyperglycemia. This paper, “Diabetic Ketoacidosis and its Association with Comorbid Conditions: A Review of Clinical Evidence,” aims to provide a comprehensive review of the relationship between DKA and various comorbid conditions. By analyzing recent clinical studies and evidence, we explore how comorbidities influence the incidence, severity, and outcomes of DKA. Our review highlights that comorbid conditions such as cardiovascular disease, chronic kidney disease, and infections significantly impact the management and prognosis of DKA. Patients with pre-existing cardiovascular conditions often present with more severe episodes of DKA and experience higher rates of complications. Chronic kidney disease complicates the metabolic disturbances of DKA, making fluid and electrolyte management more challenging. Infections, including pneumonia and urinary tract infections, are both precipitating factors and complicating conditions in DKA, often leading to delayed diagnosis and treatment. We discuss how the presence of these comorbidities necessitates a multidisciplinary approach to DKA management. The interaction between DKA and comorbid conditions underscores the need for tailored treatment strategies that address both the acute metabolic crisis and the underlying health issues. Additionally, we review current guidelines and best practices for managing DKA in patients with comorbid conditions, emphasizing the importance of early detection and comprehensive care. This review provides valuable insights into how comorbidities can affect the course of DKA and underscores the need for integrated management approaches to address both acute and chronic health issues effectively.