Abstract

The pathogenesis and progression of several systemic disorders, including cardiovascular disease, bacterial pneumonia, diabetes mellitus, and low birth weight, may be influenced by mouth infections, particularly periodontitis. This review’s objective is to assess the present position of oral infections, particularly periodontitis, as a contributing cause of systemic disorders. There have been three hypothesised mechanisms or pathways that connect oral infections to secondary systemic effects: I the metastatic spread of infection from the oral cavity as a result of transient bacteraemia; (ii) the effects of circulating oral microbial toxins; and (iii) the inflammation brought on by immunological injury brought on by oral microorganisms. Three variables, including shared risk factors, sub gingival biofilms functioning as gramnegative bacteria reservoirs, and the periodontium acting as a reservoir of inflammatory mediators, may contribute to periodontitis’ ability to influence the host’s susceptibility to systemic disease. The odontogenic systemic disorders listed above are supported by proposed evidence and mechanisms.