Abstract

Tumor Necrosis Factor (TNF), a multifaceted cytokine, stands as a pivotal regulator in the intricate landscape of immune responses and inflammatory cascades within the human body. Originally recognized for its role in inducing tumor necrosis, TNF has evolved into a central player with diverse physiological functions. This abstract explores the molecular characteristics of TNF, its physiological roles in immune response modulation, apoptosis regulation, and cellular proliferation. Additionally, it investigates the association of TNF with various diseases, including autoimmune disorders, cancer, infectious diseases, and neurological conditions. Therapeutic interventions targeting TNF, such as TNF inhibitors, are also discussed. The complexity of TNF’s functions underscores its significance in health and disease, offering potential avenues for therapeutic advancements