Abstract

This article explores the intricate role of RNA-binding proteins (RBPs) in the malignant progression of Hepatocellular Carcinoma (HCC), with a specific focus on the ribosomal protein S5 (RPS5). RBPs play vital roles in post-transcriptional gene regulation, and their dysregulation has been implicated in various cancers, including HCC. RPS5, traditionally known for its involvement in protein synthesis, is emerging as a potential key player beyond the ribosome. The article delves into the interplay of RPS5 with oncogenic pathways such as Wnt/β-catenin, PI3K/Akt, and MAPK, shedding light on its multifaceted role in cell proliferation, apoptosis evasion, and hepatocarcinogenesis. The clinical implications of understanding RPS5’s role in HCC, including its potential as a prognostic marker and therapeutic target, are discussed. The article also addresses the therapeutic opportunities and challenges associated with targeting RNA-binding proteins, emphasizing the need for nuanced approaches in the development of precision medicine for HCC.