Abstract

The cell cycle is a fundamental process that governs the growth, development, and maintenance of all living organisms. Its intricate regulation ensures the faithful duplication and distribution of genetic material to daughter cells during each round of cell division. Dysregulation of the cell cycle lies at the heart of numerous diseases, including cancer, developmental disorders, and neurodegenerative conditions. This research article explores the molecular mechanisms underlying the cell cycle, focusing on key regulatory checkpoints, cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs), and their associated cyclins. Additionally, it discusses the consequences of cell cycle dysregulation and highlights emerging therapeutic strategies targeting aberrant cell cycle pathways.