Abstract

Ionizing radiation has been used for decades in the diagnosis and treatment of pediatric conditions. While its diagnostic benefits; particularly through modalities such as X-rays and Computed Tomography (CT); are substantial; concerns about radiation exposure in children persist due to their higher sensitivity and longer lifespan; which may increase the risk of developing radiation-induced cancers. In pediatric oncology; ionizing radiation remains an essential tool for treatment; but efforts to minimize exposure through advanced technologies and protocols have gained momentum. This article reviews the history; current uses; risks; and strategies for reducing radiation exposure in pediatric healthcare.