Abstract

Coral bleaching is among the most pressing environmental issues, threatening the survival of coral reefs worldwide. Driven by ocean warming, pollution, and other anthropogenic factors, bleaching disrupts the symbiotic relationship between corals and their algal partners, leading to widespread degradation of reef ecosystems. Coral reefs play a critical role in supporting marine biodiversity, protecting coastlines, and providing economic resources for millions of people. Understanding the mechanisms behind coral bleaching and identifying strategies to mitigate its impact are essential for preserving these vital ecosystems. This article examines the causes and consequences of coral bleaching, exploring the roles of ocean warming and pollution, and discusses potential solutions to safeguard the future of coral reefs.