Abstract

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a leading cause of cancer-related morbidity and mortality worldwide. Early detection through screening has been proven to significantly reduce CRC incidence and mortality. This abstract provides an overview of recent advances in colorectal cancer screening methods and presents updated recommendations based on current evidence. Traditional screening modalities, such as fecal occult blood testing (FOBT), sigmoidoscopy, and colonoscopy, are reviewed alongside emerging techniques like stool DNA testing, liquid biopsy, and advanced imaging technologies. The efficacy, benefits, and limitations of these screening methods are examined, with a focus on improving sensitivity, specificity, and patient compliance. The abstract also discusses the role of risk stratification in tailoring screening approaches to individual patient profiles, considering factors such as age, family history, genetic predisposition, and lifestyle. Furthermore, it addresses challenges in screening implementation, including disparities in access and participation, and proposes strategies to enhance adherence and equity. By synthesizing the latest research and expert guidelines, this abstract aims to inform healthcare providers, policymakers, and researchers about the most effective and equitable strategies for colorectal cancer screening, ultimately aiming to reduce the burden of this preventable disease.