Abstract

Nanophthalmos is a clinical diapason of diseases with a phenotypically small but structurally normal eye. These diseases present significant clinical challenges to ophthalmologists due to a high rate of secondary angle check glaucoma, robotic choroidal effusions, and perioperative complications with cataract and retinal surgeries. Nanophthalmos may present as a sporadic or domestic complaint, with autosomal dominant or sheepish heritage. To date, five genes (i.e., MFRP, TMEM98, PRSS56, BEST1 and CRB1) and two loci have been intertwined in domestic forms of nanophthalmos. Then, we review the description of nanophthalmos, the clinical and pathogenic features of the condition, and the genetics of this complaint.