Abstract

Diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) and hyperglycemic hyperosmolar state (HHS) are severe metabolic complications that can affect youth with diabetes, presenting distinct challenges in clinical management. This retrospective cohort study examines the demographic and clinical factors associated with DKA and HHS occurrences in youth with diabetes. To compare and analyze the predisposing factors, clinical presentations, and outcomes between diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) and hyperglycemic hyperosmolar state (HHS) in youth with diabetes.

Data were collected from electronic health records of youth (aged 18 years and younger) diagnosed with Type-1 or Type-2 diabetes presenting with either DKA or HHS between [time period]. Variables analyzed included age, type of diabetes, initial blood glucose levels, pH and bicarbonate levels, ketone levels, comorbidities, and treatment outcomes. Statistical analysis included descriptive statistics, chi-square tests, and logistic regression to identify factors associated with DKA and HHS. Summarize findings related to predisposing factors, clinical presentations, and outcomes for both DKA and HHS in youth with diabetes, including significant associations and differences. Understanding the distinct profiles of DKA and HHS in youth with diabetes is crucial for tailored management strategies and preventive measures. Early recognition of predisposing factors and prompt intervention can improve outcomes and reduce morbidity associated with these acute metabolic complications.