Abstract

Gynecologic cancers, including ovarian, cervical, endometrial, and vulvar cancers, present significant challenges in oncology due to their diverse pathophysiology, late-stage diagnosis, and varied treatment responses. Chemotherapy remains a cornerstone of treatment, particularly in advanced stages or after surgery. This article reviews the current role of chemotherapy in the management of gynecologic cancers, focusing on its efficacy, common drug regimens, and the mechanisms of resistance that complicate treatment. Additionally, we explore ongoing advancements, such as personalized medicine and the integration of targeted therapies. Understanding the interplay between chemotherapy and other treatment modalities, as well as the identification of potential biomarkers for better prognostication and therapeutic guidance, is essential for improving patient outcomes. The article also discusses the side effects of chemotherapy, the need for novel agents, and how future research may reshape the management of gynecologic malignancies.