Abstract

The central nervous system (CNS) is responsible for processing and transmitting information throughout the body. This complex network of cells communicates with one another through neurotransmitters, which are chemical messengers that transmit signals across synapses. The CNS contains a wide variety of neurotransmitters that play different roles in regulating neural activity and behavior. One of the major inhibitory neurotransmitters in the CNS is gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA), which functions to reduce neuronal excitability and promote relaxation. In contrast, the primary excitatory neurotransmitter in the CNS is glutamate, which promotes neuronal activity and is involved in learning and memory. Other important CNS neurotransmitters include serotonin, dopamine, norepinephrine, and acetylcholine, which regulate mood, motivation, attention, and other cognitive and emotional processes. Dysregulation of neurotransmitter systems has been implicated in a range of neurological and psychiatric disorders, highlighting the importance of understanding the complex interplay between neurotransmitters and brain function.