Abstract

Cell signaling pathways are fundamental mechanisms that allow cells to communicate, respond to external stimuli, and coordinate their activities in multicellular organisms. These intricate networks involve the interaction of signaling molecules with specific receptors, leading to the activation of intracellular messengers and ultimately resulting in a cellular response. Understanding cell signaling pathways is crucial for unraveling the complexities of cellular behavior, physiology, and disease pathogenesis. This abstract provides an overview of cell signaling pathways, their key components, and their significance in biology.