Abstract

Bronchoscopy remains a cornerstone in pulmonary medicine, serving both diagnostic and therapeutic purposes in the evaluation of various respiratory conditions. This abstract provides a comprehensive review of the current clinical applications and technological advances in bronchoscopy. Clinically, bronchoscopy plays a crucial role in the diagnosis of pulmonary diseases such as lung cancer, infectious diseases, and interstitial lung diseases. It allows for direct visualization of the airways, sampling of tissue specimens through biopsy or bronchoalveolar lavage, and therapeutic interventions including airway stenting and tumor debunking. Technological advancements in bronchoscopy have revolutionized the field, with innovations such as electromagnetic navigation bronchoscopy (ENB), radial end bronchial ultrasound (R-EBUS), and robotic-assisted bronchoscopy enhancing procedural precision and diagnostic yield. These technologies enable targeted biopsy of peripheral lung lesions and facilitate earlier detection of malignancies. This abstract synthesizes current literature and expert opinions on the clinical applications and evolving technologies in bronchoscopy, highlighting their impact on diagnostic accuracy, therapeutic efficacy, and patient outcomes in pulmonary medicine.