Abstract

Dietary bioactive components, though not essential nutrients, play a critical role in bridging nutrition and therapeutic potential. These natural compounds predominantly found in plant-based foods, exhibit significant biological activities that promote health and prevent disease. This article explores the mechanisms through which bio actives such as polyphenols, flavonoids, carotenoids, glucosinolates, and phytosterols exert their beneficial effects, including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and gene-regulating actions. The health benefits of these compounds are highlighted, encompassing cardiovascular health, cancer prevention, diabetes management, gut health, and neuroprotection. Practical strategies for incorporating bioactive-rich foods into daily diets are discussed, emphasizing the importance of a diverse and balanced intake. Future research directions are suggested to enhance understanding and optimize the therapeutic use of dietary bioactive. This review underscores the potential of these components to transform dietary practices into powerful tools for disease prevention and health optimization.