Abstract

Breast cancer is a complex and heterogeneous disease characterized by the presence of breast cancer stem cells (BCSCs). These BCSCs exhibit unique properties, including self-renewal, tumorigenicity, and resistance to therapy, which contribute significantly to disease progression and treatment challenges. Understanding the mechanisms governing BCSC adaptability and heterogeneity is crucial for the development of more effective breast cancer treatments. Recent research has revealed novel molecular regulators that play pivotal roles in these aspects of BCSC behavior. This abstract explores the concept of BCSCs and their role in breast cancer, discusses the adaptability and heterogeneity of BCSCs, and highlights emerging molecular regulators that offer promising avenues for therapeutic intervention. Targeting these regulators represents a potential breakthrough in breast cancer treatment, offering hope for improved outcomes for patients with this devastating disease.