Abstract

Ischemic strokes, a leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide, result from the interruption of blood flow to a specific brain region due to vascular occlusion. This review delves into the multifaceted mechanisms underlying ischemic strokes, including thrombotic and embolic events, atherosclerosis, and small vessel disease. The effects of ischemic strokes encompass a wide spectrum, ranging from motor and sensory deficits to cognitive impairment and emotional disturbances. Recent advancements in medical care have revolutionized acute ischemic stroke management, highlighting the significance of timely reperfusion therapies such as thrombolytic agents and endovascular procedures. Furthermore, preventive measures including anticoagulant therapies, lifestyle modifications, and novel interventions targeting vascular health have shown promise in reducing the recurrence of ischemic strokes. This comprehensive analysis underscores the criticality of understanding ischemic stroke pathophysiology, the profound implications of its effects, and the continuous evolution of medical strategies to enhance patient outcomes.