Abstract

Osteoporosis is a progressive skeletal disorder characterized by decreased bone density and increased fracture risk, significantly impacting the quality of life for millions worldwide. This abstract provides an overview of the key risk factors associated with osteoporosis, including genetic predisposition, age, hormonal changes, dietary deficiencies, and lifestyle factors such as physical inactivity and smoking. We discuss current diagnostic approaches, including dualenergy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) and clinical risk assessment tools, which aid in early detection and management. Furthermore, we examine various management strategies, including pharmacological treatments, dietary modifications, and exercise programs aimed at enhancing bone health and reducing fracture risk. Recent advancements in research highlight the importance of a multifaceted approach to osteoporosis prevention and treatment, emphasizing the need for personalized care plans tailored to individual risk profiles. By raising awareness and improving understanding of osteoporosis, we aim to empower healthcare providers and patients to take proactive measures in managing this condition, ultimately enhancing bone health and overall well-being.