Journal of Gastrointestinal & Digestive System
Open Access

Review Article

Body Mass Index and the Risk of Gallbladder Cancer: An Updated Meta-analysis of Epidemiologic Studies

¹Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Qingyuan People’s Hospital, The sixth affiliated hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangdong 511518, China

²Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510120, China

³Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Cancer Center of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510120, China

⁴Department of Operating Room and Anesthesia, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510120, China

*Corresponding Author:

Chaoming Tang
Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery
Qingyuan People's Hospital and The fifth affiliated hospital of Jinan University
Guangdong 511518, China
Tel: +86 13450366467
E-mail: chaomingtt001@163.com

Received date: May 29, 2015 Accepted date: June 30, 2015 Published date: July 06, 2015

Citation: Cai C, Zeng B, Gong Y, Chen G, Chen X, et al. (2015) Body Mass Index and the Risk of Gallbladder Cancer: An Updated Metaanalysis of Epidemiologic Studies. J Gastrointest Dig Sys 5:306. doi:10.4172/2161-069X.1000306

Copyright: © 2015 Cai C, et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.

Objectives: To provide a quantitative assessment of the association between excess bodyweight, expressed as increased body-mass index (BMI), and the risk of gallbladder cancer (GBC), we conducted an updated metaanalysis of epidemiologic studies. Methods: We searched the MEDLINE and EMBASE databases form1966 to February 2013, and the reference lists of retrieved articles. A random-effects model was used to combine study-specific results. A total of 12 cohort studies (involving 5,101 cases) and 8 case-control studies (1,013 cases and 43,591 controls) were included in the meta-analysis. Results: Overall, compared with normal weight, the summary relative risks of GBC were 1.14 (95% CI, 1.04-1.25) for overweight populations (BMI 25-30 kg/m2) and 1.56 (95% CI, 1.41-1.73) for obese (BMI >30 kg/m2) ones. Obese women had a higher risk of GBC than men did (women: RR 1.67, 95% CI 1.38-2.02, men: RR 1.42, 95% CI 1.21-1.66), and there was a significant association between overweight and GBC risk for women (RR 1.26, 95% CI 1.13-1.40), but not for men (RR 1.06, 95% CI 0.94-1.20). In addition, subgroup analyses revealed that overweight people with smoking or alcohol consumption or in western countries were strongly associated GBC risk (RR 1.16, 95% CI 1.02-1.31 for smokers, RR 1.27, 95% CI 1.10-1.47 for drinkers, and RR 1.14, 95% CI 1.05-1.25). Conclusions: Findings from this meta-analysis indicate that obesity is associated with an increased risk of GBC in both men and women, and overweight is associated with GBC risk only in women.

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