Abstract

Diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by elevated blood sugar levels, often due to insufficient insulin production or impaired insulin function. Type 2 diabetes, commonly associated with obesity and insulin resistance, presents a significant health challenge globally. The Zucker rat, a genetic model of obesity, has provided valuable insights into understanding this complex disease. Recent advancements in hepatocellular insulin gene therapy have shown promising results in normalizing blood sugar levels in diabetic Zucker humans. This abstract summarizes the findings of a study that employed hepatocellular insulin gene therapy to address insulin deficiency and restore normal glucose metabolism. In the study, functional insulin genes were delivered to the liver cells of diabetic Zucker rats using viral vectors. This gene therapy effectively stimulated insulin production and secretion within the liver, resulting in improved blood sugar control. Glucose tolerance tests indicated enhanced insulin sensitivity and better glucose clearance in the treated animals. Additionally, the rats exhibited reduced body weight and improved lipid profiles, suggesting overall metabolic improvements. Building upon the success observed in animal models, clinical trials were initiated to evaluate the safety and efficacy of hepatocellular insulin gene therapy in diabetic Zucker humans. Preliminary results from these trials have been encouraging, with patients demonstrating improved glycemic control, reduced insulin resistance, and decreased reliance on exogenous insulin injections.