Abstract

Biotransformation refers to the biochemical alteration of compounds by living organisms or their enzymes. It plays a critical role in various processes, including drug metabolism, environmental detoxification, and the synthesis of valuable products. The process involves enzymes that catalyze reactions such as oxidation, reduction, hydrolysis, and conjugation, modifying the structure of substrates. Biotransformation is widely used in industries such as pharmaceuticals, agriculture, and environmental management to develop sustainable and efficient solutions. This article explores the mechanisms behind biotransformation, its significance in different fields, and the potential for future developments in biotechnological applications.