Abstract

The development of biopolymer-based nanocomposites has emerged as a promising approach for the targeted delivery of antimicrobial and anticancer drugs. These nanocomposites leverage the unique properties of biopolymers—such as biocompatibility, biodegradability, and low toxicity—to create advanced drug delivery systems that can enhance therapeutic efficacy while minimizing side effects. By incorporating nanomaterial into biopolymer matrices, these systems can achieve controlled and sustained release of drugs, improve drug stability, and target specific tissues or cells. This review explores the latest advancements in the design and application of biopolymerbased nanocomposites for antimicrobial and anticancer therapies. The mechanisms by which these nanocomposites enhance drug delivery, including improved penetration, selective targeting, and prolonged retention in diseased tissues, are discussed in detail. Furthermore, the biocompatibility and potential clinical applications of these materials are examined, highlighting their role in overcoming current limitations in drug delivery. This work underscores the potential of biopolymer-based nanocomposites to revolutionize the field of nanomedicine, offering new avenues for the treatment of infections and cancer with enhanced precision and effectiveness.