Abstract

Bioinformatics has become a crucial tool in toxicology, facilitating the analysis and interpretation of large-scale biological data to better understand the toxic effects of chemicals, drugs, and environmental pollutants. By combining biological sciences with computational techniques, bioinformatics enables researchers to predict, evaluate, and mitigate the harmful effects of toxic substances on human health and the environment. This article explores the role of bioinformatics in toxicology, focusing on its applications in data integration, biomarker discovery, predictive toxicology, and understanding toxicological mechanisms. It also highlights the advances in genomics, proteomics, and metabolomics that are revolutionizing the field, along with challenges and future directions in bioinformatics-driven toxicology.