Abstract

Insulin therapy remains a cornerstone in the management of diabetes mellitus, yet the quest for optimal insulin delivery systems continues. Bioengineering approaches offer innovative solutions to enhance insulin delivery, aiming to improve efficacy, safety, and patient adherence. This article explores the latest advancements in bioengineering technologies for developing next-generation insulin delivery systems. We discuss novel strategies for improving insulin stability, bioavailability, and pharmacokinetics, as well as innovative delivery modalities, such as implantable devices, microneedle arrays, and smart insulin pens. Additionally, we examine the potential of biocompatible materials, nanotechnology, and controlled-release formulations to revolutionize insulin therapy and enhance patient outcomes.