Abstract

Biocompatibility is a critical factor in the development and application of medical implants. It refers to the ability of a material to perform with an appropriate host response in a specific application. This paper reviews the key aspects of biocompatibility, focusing on how well implants integrate with the body and the potential adverse reactions that can occur. The evaluation of biocompatibility involves a multidisciplinary approach, encompassing material science, biology, and medical engineering. Key parameters include the physical and chemical properties of the implant material, the biological environment, and the interaction between the implant and host tissues. The review discusses various methods and techniques used to assess biocompatibility, such as in vitro and in vivo testing, and highlights recent advancements in the field. Case studies of common implant materials, including metals, ceramics, polymers, and composites, are examined to illustrate the challenges and successes in achieving optimal biocompatibility. Understanding and improving biocompatibility is essential for the successful implementation of implants, ensuring patient safety, and enhancing clinical outcomes.