Abstract

Atmospheric chemistry is fundamental to understanding the intricate processes that regulate air quality and the global climate. This article explores the chemical interactions in the Earth's atmosphere that give rise to air pollution, driven by both natural phenomena and human activities. Key pollutants such as nitrogen oxides (NOₓ), sulfur dioxide (SO₂), volatile organic compounds (VOCs), and particulate matter (PM) are examined for their role in environmental issues, including smog formation, acid rain, and climate change. The global impacts of air pollution are highlighted, with a focus on how pollutants transcend regional boundaries, contributing to transboundary pollution problems. Additionally, the article addresses the complex feedback loops between atmospheric chemistry and climate, emphasizing the urgent need for international cooperation and innovative technologies to mitigate air pollution and its effects. Through a detailed analysis of atmospheric processes, this study aims to enhance our understanding of how air pollution affects ecosystems, human health, and the climate, offering insights into potential solutions for a sustainable future.