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Research Article

Assessing Climate Change Impacts in the Lake Tana Sub-Basin, Ethiopia Using Livelihood Vulnerability Approach

Solomon Addisu Legese1*, Olaleye Adesola Olutayo2*, Hameed Sulaiman3, and Prasada Rao4

1Department of Natural Resources Management, College of Agriculture and Environmental Sciences, Bahir Dar University, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia

2Research and Development Unit, MIST, Innovate, Ontario, Canada

3College of Science, Sultan Qaboos University, P. O. Box 36,PC 123, Alhoudh, Muscat, Oman

4Department of Environmental Sciences, College of Science and Technology, Andhra University, Visakhapatnam, India

*Corresponding Author:
Solomon AL
Department of Natural Resources Management
College of Agriculture and Environmental Sciences
Bahir Dar University, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia
E-mail: soladd2000@yahoo.com
 
Olaleye AO
Professor and Director of Research
and Development Unit, MIST, Innovate
Ontario, Canada
Tel no: +1-647-458-1967
E-mail: ao.olaleye@mistinnovate.com

Received date: August 29, 2016; Accepted date: September 09, 2016; Published date: September 12, 2016

Citation: Legese SA, Olutayo OA, Sulaiman H, Rao P (2016) Assessing Climate Change Impacts in the Lake Tana Sub-Basin, Ethiopia Using Livelihood Vulnerability Approach. J Earth Sci Clim Change 7:368. doi: 10.4172/2157-7617.1000368

Copyright: © 2016 Legese SA, et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.

Abstract

The agro-ecology based classification was used to analyze the vulnerability of Lake Tana sub-basin (LTSB) to shocks induced by CC. One hundred and fifty households were surveyed in LTSB and data were collected on sociodemographics, livelihoods, social networks, health, food and water security, natural disasters and climate variability. Data collected were aggregated using a composite index, differential and integrated vulnerability analysis approach to develop indices. The major components have been classified into adaptive capacity, exposure and sensitivity to climate change impacts to analyze Livelihood vulnerability index (LVI)-IPCC contributing factors. The results depicted that Upper sub-basin (USB) had a LVI-IPCC score of 0.042 and the LSB was (0.036). The LVI–IPCC analysis of Lower sub-basin (LSB) was 0.036 and that of the USB 0.042. Results showed that almost all the three major components of the IPCC vulnerability indices both agro-ecology of LTSB, however, the USB households were more vulnerable more than the LSB. From these results, it can be seen that the former is more susceptible to CC compared to the latter. The overall LVI–IPCC scores indicate that USB households might be more vulnerable than LSB households (0.042 versus 0.036). This study showed general and site-specific factors contributing to different components of vulnerability (exposure, sensitivity and adaptive capacity) for mixed agro-livestock smallholders. The findings can be used by the government of Ethiopia as well as AID agencies in the country to reduce vulnerability and enhance adaptive capacity of both the LSB and USB basins. In addition, income and livelihood diversification may be one of the options to reduce vulnerability in all districts.

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