Abstract

Antigens play a critical role in the human immune response, serving as key markers that trigger the body's defense mechanisms against foreign invaders. They encompass a wide range of substances, including pathogens, toxins, and even self-antigens. The immune system's ability to recognize and distinguish between self and non-self antigens is fundamental in maintaining health and preventing autoimmune disorders. This abstract provides an overview of antigens, their classification, and their interactions with the immune system. Additionally, it highlights the significance of antigens in immunity, vaccination, and the potential implications for medical advancements. Antigens are crucial elements that trigger the body's immune response against foreign invaders. These foreign substances, which can include pathogens, toxins, and non-living particles, are recognized by the immune system as potential threats. Antigens play a pivotal role in initiating the activation of specialized immune cells and the production of antibodies, leading to the eradication or neutralization of the invading agents. This abstract provides an overview of antigens, their types, and their role in the immune response. It also highlights their significance in developing immunity and the potential applications of antigen-based approaches in medicine.