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Hindi Antibiotics and Resistance: A Growing Global Concern
*Corresponding Author: Elon Musk, Department of biotechnology and science, Harvard University, United States, Email: elon287@gmail.comReceived Date: Nov 01, 2024 / Published Date: Nov 29, 2024
Citation: Elon M (2024) Antibiotics and Resistance: A Growing Global Concern. J Neuroinfect Dis 15: 533.DOI: 10.4172/2314-7326.1000533
Copyright: © 2024 Elon M. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
| Peer-reviewed Full Article 
Abstract
Antibiotics have been pivotal in the advancement of modern medicine, offering effective treatment for bacterial infections and significantly reducing mortality rates. Since the discovery of penicillin in 1928, antibiotics have become essential for treating conditions such as pneumonia, tuberculosis, and sepsis. However, the widespread misuse and overuse of antibiotics have given rise to a serious global health threat—antibiotic resistance. This phenomenon occurs when bacteria evolve mechanisms to withstand the effects of antibiotics that would otherwise inhibit their growth or kill them. Key mechanisms of resistance include genetic mutations, horizontal gene transfer, the use of efflux pumps, and the production of enzymes that degrade antibiotics. The development and spread of antibiotic resistance are largely driven by human behavior, including the over-prescription of antibiotics, patients failing to complete prescribed courses, and the extensive use of antibiotics in agriculture for growth promotion. Additionally, global travel and trade facilitate the spread of resistant bacteria across borders, making antibiotic resistance a truly global concern. The consequences of antibiotic resistance are severe, leading to increased morbidity and mortality from previously treatable infections, longer hospital stays, higher healthcare costs, and the potential loss of effective treatments for surgeries and other medical procedures.
