Abstract

This study endeavors to analyze the causal impact of Type 2 diabetes on ischemic coronary illness, a prevalent and intricate cardiovascular condition. Recognizing the increasing global burden of both Type 2 diabetes and coronary heart disease, the research employs rigorous methodologies to elucidate the causal relationships, contributing valuable insights to the understanding of the interplay between these two significant health issues. A comprehensive retrospective cohort study design is implemented, involving a large and diverse patient population with a focus on individuals diagnosed with Type 2 diabetes. Electronic health records, national databases, and relevant medical registries are utilized to extract longitudinal data, ensuring a robust assessment of both diabetes progression and the incidence of ischemic coronary events. Type 2 Diabetes status, categorized by disease duration and glycemic control. Incidence and severity of ischemic coronary events, assessed through diagnostic criteria, cardiac imaging, and patient records. Demographic factors, lifestyle variables, comorbidities, medication usage, and relevant clinical indicators are considered to control for confounding variables.

Propensity score matching and statistical modeling, including Cox proportional hazards regression, are employed to mitigate selection biases and confounding effects. Subgroup analyses based on diabetes duration, glycemic control, and other relevant factors are conducted to explore potential effect modifiers. Preliminary analyses reveal a statistically significant association between Type 2 diabetes and an increased risk of ischemic coronary events. The incidence and severity of coronary events appear to escalate with the duration of diabetes and suboptimal glycemic control, highlighting potential dose-response relationships. The findings underscore the complex and multifaceted relationship between Type 2 diabetes and ischemic coronary illness. Mechanisms such as insulin resistance, inflammation, and endothelial dysfunction may contribute to the heightened cardiovascular risk observed in individuals with diabetes. Subgroup analyses aim to unravel nuances in the causal pathway, exploring variations in risk among different patient profiles. Understanding these variations is crucial for tailored preventive strategies and targeted interventions.