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  • Review Article   
  • J Cell Mol Pharmacol 2022, Vol 6(3)Vol 6(3)
  • DOI: 10.4172/jcmp.1000121

An Orchestrator on Xenobiotic Metabolism is the Human Intestine Biota

Andrew D. Patterson*
Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Science, the Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA
*Corresponding Author : Andrew D. Patterson, Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Science, the Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA, Email: a117@pu.edu

Received Date: Jun 04, 2022 / Published Date: Jun 28, 2022

Abstract

One of the most impact issues in recent years refers to the COVID-19 pandemic, the consequences of which thousands of deaths recorded worldwide, are still inferior understood. Its impacts on the environment and aquatic biota constitute a fertile field of investigation. Thus, to predict the impact of the indiscriminate use of azithromycin (AZT) and hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) in this pandemic context, we aim to assess their toxicological risks when isolated or in combination, using zebrafish as a model system. In summary, we observed that 72 h of exposure to AZT and HCQ (alone or in binary combination, both at 2.5 μg/L) induced the reduction of total protein levels, accompanied by increased levels of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances, hydrogen peroxide, reactive oxygen species and nitrite, suggesting a REDOX imbalance and possible oxidative stress Molecular docking analysis further supported this data by demonstrating a strong affinity of AZT and HCQ with their potential antioxidant targets.

Citation: Patterson AD (2022) An Orchestrator on Xenobiotic Metabolism is the Human Intestine Biota. J Cell Mol Pharmacol 6: 121. Doi: 10.4172/jcmp.1000121

Copyright: © 2022 Patterson AD. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.

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