Spanish 
Chinese 
Russian 
German 
French 
Japanese 
Portuguese 
Hindi Research Article
An Assessment of Comorbidity and Social Demographics in a Primarily African-American and Hispanic Population of Boys with ADHD Treated in Psychiatric/Non-Psychiatric and Public/Private Clinics in Miami, Florida
Eugenio M Rothe*, John E Lewis, Awais Aftab, Syed Mehdi, Lucas Lages, Rakesh Sharma, Eugene Hershorin, Marisela Jaquez, Americo Padilla and Marcel De Ray
Department of Psychiatry and Public Health, International University, 2199 Ponce de Leon Blvd., Suite 304, Coral Gables, FL 33134, Florida, USA
- *Corresponding Author:
- Eugenio M Rothe
Department of Psychiatry and Public Health
International University, 2199 Ponce de Leon Blvd.
Suite 304, Coral Gables, FL 33134, Florida, USA
Tel: 305-774-1699
Fax: 305-774-1603
E-mail: eugnrth@aol.com
Received Date: January 19, 2016; Accepted Date: February 16, 2016; Published Date: February 23, 2016
Citation: Rothe EM, Lewis JE, Aftab A, Mehdi S, Lages L, et al. (2016) An Assessment of Comorbidity and Social Demographics in a Primarily African-American and Hispanic Population of Boys with ADHD Treated in Psychiatric/Non-Psychiatric and Public/Private Clinics in Miami, Florida. J Child Adolesc Behav 4:277. doi:10.4172/2375-4494.1000277
Copyright: © 2016 Rothe EM, et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
Abstract
Objective: To determine whether social disadvantage and comorbidity in boys with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) differ among psychiatric versus non-psychiatric and public versus private clinics. Methods: This cross-sectional study included boys 6-12 years of age, clinically diagnosed, and pharmacologically treated for ADHD at 1 of 5 clinics in Miami, Florida. The child’s caregiver completed a demographics form, the Child Behavior Checklist, and the Child Symptom Inventory. Results: The study included 174 boys (28% African-American and 64% Hispanic). The sample included 42% psychiatric practices and 73% public clinics. Compared to the non-psychiatric sample, children in the psychiatric samples presented more often with ADHD hyperactive-impulsive subtype and combined subtype. Children in the psychiatric clinics had the most severe forms of ADHD and the most comorbid diagnoses, particularly behavioral, mood, and anxiety disorders. Compared to the private clinics, children in the public psychiatric clinic presented more markers of socioeconomic disadvantage. Public clinics also had more severe ADHD, social phobia, aggressive behavior, and externalizing behaviors than private clinics. Conclusions: Comorbidity and severity of ADHD in children treated in primary care clinics were lower than, but clinically comparable to, that found in psychiatric clinics. Socioeconomic disadvantages are present in children treated in public clinics.
