Abstract

This analytical survey investigates the presence, concentration, and implications of trace heavy elements in insecticides. Trace heavy elements, including lead, cadmium, mercury, arsenic, and chromium, are persistent and can bioaccumulate in the environment, posing risks to ecosystems and human health. The survey utilizes analytical techniques such as atomic absorption spectroscopy, inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry, and X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy to quantify the levels of trace heavy elements in commonly used insecticide formulations. The survey aims to evaluate the presence and concentration of these elements, identify associated insecticide formulations and active ingredients, assess environmental risks, determine potential pathways of human exposure, and propose recommendations for safe usage and disposal. The findings contribute to pesticide regulation, risk assessment, and management, promoting sustainable pest control practices while minimizing adverse effects.