Abstract

Air and water pollution are pressing environmental issues that have profound implications for both ecosystems and human health. The release of harmful pollutants from industrial activities, transportation, and agricultural practices has led to the contamination of the atmosphere and water bodies. Air pollution contributes to respiratory illnesses, acid rain, and climate change, while water pollution poses threats to aquatic life and causes waterborne diseases. This article explores the causes, consequences, and potential solutions to mitigate air and water pollution. It emphasizes the importance of collective efforts from governments, industries, communities, and individuals to address these challenges and preserve a cleaner and healthier environment for future generations. This chapter examines the relationship between traffic and health problems related to air and water pollution. These were the more traditional connections between traffic and public health, prohibited by state and national legislation. Air pollution-related health problems include respiratory infections and chronic diseases such as asthma, cardiovascular disease, and in extreme cases can lead to death. Air pollution can also damage crops and water supplies, which can lead to new potential health problems. Air pollution-related health problems are worse among vulnerable populations such as children and the elderly. Water pollution is a problem that affects all types of water, from drinking water to agricultural use. Health risks from water pollution include both short-term effects, such as disease and gastrointestinal disturbances, as well as long-term effects, such as carcinogens or heavy metals in drinking or agricultural water sources. Hazardous waste from commercial and private shipping is a major polluter of waterways.