Abstract

Toxicity testing has undergone remarkable advancements, catalyzed by the imperative to ensure safety in an increasingly chemical-centric world. This article explores the evolution of toxicity testing, emphasizing recent breakthroughs and their impact on safeguarding human health and the environment. The historical reliance on animal testing has given way to innovative approaches such as in vitro testing, organ-on-a-chip technology, and computational toxicology. These advancements not only address ethical concerns associated with traditional methods but also offer faster, cost-effective, and more accurate means of assessing the potential risks posed by chemicals. Integrated testing strategies, regulatory adaptations, and international collaborations signal a paradigm shift towards comprehensive toxicity assessments. However, challenges persist, including standardization of methods and addressing the complexity of biological responses. This abstract encapsulates the multifaceted journey of toxicity testing, highlighting its transformative nature and role in shaping a safer and more sustainable future.