Abstract

Efforts to mitigate environmental pollution and reduce toxicity have become increasingly critical in safeguarding ecosystems and human health. This overview explores recent advancements and strategies in toxicity reduction and environmental remediation technologies. Key approaches include the use of bioremediation, phytoremediation, nanotechnology, and advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) to detoxify pollutants such as heavy metals, organic compounds, and emerging contaminants in soil, water, and air. The review discusses mechanisms, applications, challenges, and future directions in these fields, emphasizing sustainable practices and interdisciplinary approaches to address complex environmental challenges effectively.