Abstract

Head and neck surgery is a specialized branch of surgery that deals with conditions and diseases affecting the structures of the head and neck region. This includes the skull, face, mouth, throat, larynx (voice box), salivary glands, thyroid gland, and various other structures. Congenital anomalies: Some individuals are born with structural abnormalities in the head and neck region, such as cleft lip and palate. Surgery may be performed to correct these anomalies and improve function and appearance. Reconstructive surgery: In cases where head and neck structures have been damaged or lost due to trauma, tumors, or other reasons, reconstructive surgery can help restore form and function. This may involve tissue grafts, flaps, or the use of prosthetic devices. Sleep apnea and snoring: Surgical procedures, such as (UPPP) or genioglossus advancement (GA), may be recommended for individuals with obstructive sleep apnea or severe snoring to improve airflow and alleviate symptoms.