Abstract

This comprehensive overview explores the recent advances in colon cancer surgery, emphasizing transformative developments that have shaped the landscape of treatment. The integration of minimally invasive techniques, such as laparoscopy and robotic-assisted surgery, has ushered in a new era of precision and reduced morbidity. Enhanced Recovery after Surgery (ERAS) protocols have optimized perioperative care, leading to shorter hospital stays and improved patient outcomes. Innovations in organ preservation strategies, including transanal endoscopic microsurgery, offer a less invasive option for early-stage colon cancer. Sentinel lymph node mapping and the evolving integration of immunotherapy with surgery further contribute to refined treatment strategies. As the field continues to evolve, these advancements collectively promise a future characterized by personalized, minimally invasive, and more effective surgical interventions for colon cancer patients.