Abstract

Herbal pharmacology represents a vital and evolving field within medical science, emphasizing the study of plant-derived compounds and their effects on human health. This review provides an in-depth analysis of recent advancements in herbal pharmacology, highlighting key developments in the understanding of the pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, and therapeutic potentials of herbal remedies. We explore various aspects including the molecular mechanisms of action, safety profiles, and interactions of commonly used herbs. Special attention is given to advancements in analytical techniques, such as high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and mass spectrometry, which have revolutionized the identification and quantification of bioactive compounds. The review also addresses the integration of herbal pharmacology with modern clinical practices, discussing how traditional knowledge and contemporary research are converging to enhance evidence-based applications. By synthesizing current research and trends, this review aims to provide a comprehensive resource for researchers, practitioners, and policymakers interested in the therapeutic potential and scientific validation of herbal medicines.