Abstract

Recent advancements in seismic imaging and earthquake prediction have significantly enhanced our understanding of Earth's seismic activity and improved hazard mitigation strategies. This paper reviews state-of-the-art techniques in both fields, emphasizing innovations in high-resolution seismic tomography, full-waveform inversion, and ambient noise tomography for advanced imaging. Additionally, it explores the integration of machine learning and artificial intelligence in earthquake prediction, along with the development of real-time seismic monitoring networks and probabilistic seismic hazard assessments. These technological breakthroughs provide more precise imaging of subsurface structures and offer better predictive capabilities for seismic events, contributing to more effective earthquake preparedness and response. The review highlights ongoing research directions and the future potential of these techniques in improving our understanding and management of seismic hazards.