Abstract

Mangrove forests are one of the world’s most unique and ecologically important ecosystems, found at the interface between land and sea in tropical and subtropical regions. These coastal habitats, dominated by salt-tolerant trees and shrubs, play an essential role in supporting biodiversity, protecting shorelines, and providing ecosystem services that benefit both local communities and the global environment. This article explores the ecological significance of mangrove forests, their biodiversity, and the vital ecosystem services they provide, including carbon sequestration, shoreline stabilization, and support for fisheries. Additionally, the article highlights the threats that mangrove forests face, including habitat loss due to coastal development, climate change, and pollution, and the importance of conservation efforts aimed at preserving these valuable ecosystems. By understanding the critical role of mangroves in coastal environments, we can better appreciate the need for integrated conservation strategies to protect them for future generations