Abstract

Chronic nephrotoxicity, which is believed to be mediated by a number of cytokines including transforming growth factor-betal, is a side effect of long-term cyclosporine (CsA) medication. Innate immunity, apoptosis, angiogenesis, cell proliferation, and differentiation are all processes in which cytokines are known to be crucial. Most disease processes, including cancer, heart disease, and nephrotoxicity, are known to include them. We used a cytokine array to assess cytokine alterations in a rat model of chronic nephrotoxicity caused by CsA.