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A Review of the Physiological Demands and Nutritional Strategies for Canoe Polo Athletes
Forbes SC1* and Sheykhlouvand M2
1Biology Department, Okanagan College, Penticton, BC, Canada
2Faculty of Humanities, Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Ardabil, Iran
- *Corresponding Author:
- Forbes SC
Biology Department, Okanagan College
Penticton, BC, Canada
Tel: 1-250-492-4305, Ext: 3258
E-mail: Sforbes@okanagan.bc.ca
Received Date: November 23, 2016; Accepted Date: December 23, 2016; Published Date: December 30, 2016
Citation: Forbes SC, Sheykhlouvand M (2016) A Review of the Physiological Demands and Nutritional Strategies for Canoe Polo Athletes. Sports Nutr Ther 1: 116. doi: 10.4172/2473-6449.1000116
Copyright: © 2016 Forbes SC, et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
Abstract
Canoe polo is an emerging and growing sport. Canoe polo athletes are characterized by low body-fat percentages with high levels of upper body aerobic and anaerobic power. Canoe polo is a high intensity intermittent team sport consisting of two 10 min halves. Average heart rates during game play ranged from 146 to 159 bpm. Sixty-nine per cent of a canoe polo game is played above ventilator threshold. Due to the intensity and intermittent nature, ATP rephosphorylation occurs via non-oxidative and oxidative energy systems. A high carbohydrate diet (>6 g•kg-1•day-1) is recommended to support non-oxidative ATP re-phosphorylation during training and competitions. Following training, a rapidly digested and complete protein (e.g., whey protein; 20-40 g) provided in close proximity may maximize the muscle protein synthetic response. β-Alanine, sodium bicarbonate, creatine, caffeine, and nitrates are purported ergogenic aids to improve high intensity exercise performance and may be beneficial for canoe polo athletes.
